Double-deck railway passenger car



April 28, 1953 J. F. cLARY DOUBLE-DECK RAILWAY PASSENGER CAR Original Filed July 29,

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DOUBLE-DECK RAILWAY PASSENGER CAR original Fiied Julyzs, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR joseph?. Clary A TTORNE Y Patented Apr. Z8, 1953 i v UNITED srrcrss orifice DOUBLE-DECK RAILWAY PASSENGER CAR Joseph F. Clary, Glencoe, Ill., assigner to The Budd Company, Philadelphia, Pat, a ccrporation of Pennsylvania Continuation of application Serial No. 764,289, l July 29, 1947. This application March 26,"1951,`

SerialNo.217,663 f. y

14 Claims; (Cl. 105-340) 4, 1 2

""This is a continuation ofthe inventors origion which the cars are to be used'or to provide nal, now abandoned, application Railway Pasadequate headroom. -Y senger Car, Serial No. 764,289, led July 29, Above the` main floor and spaced av suflicient 1947. height thereabove, say 'to allow Vthe passengers The invention relates to a double-deck railway 5 on the lower main'floorto reach their seats withpassenger car and particularly to a largeout much stooping, a raised gallery, balcony or capacity such car adapted for suburban service. upper floor is arranged on one side, but prefer- Double-declr cars have heretofore been proably such floors are provided on both sides of posed in which seating accommodations for pasthe car; the latter floors project inwardly from sengers are arranged upon upper and lower floors loeach side of the car to about the center aisle in the region between trucks, but at the ends of and preferably terminate there, so that the the cars over the trucks but a single-floor for center aisle extends upwardly beyond the upper seating purposes was provided. This arrangeoors and may be open substantially to the roof ment, while securing a greater Seating capacity from the main oor.` Each of the gallery floors than the ordinary single-deck car, still did not l5 is provided with individual access stairways leadachieve the maximum of seating capacity so deing between it and the main floor and being arsirable in suburban service. ranged' at the sides of the center aisle. Each Inn suburban service, it is also necessary that of these galleries also extends substantially the the Ausual crew be able to collect fares rapidly, length o'f the car, except as limited by the space and the entrances to the car and the stairways occupied by the stairways and transverse pasin the car to pass from one deck to the other sageways, and each is provided along its inner must be arranged to handle the large capacity margin with a parapet, such as a guard railing, crowds with dispatch. of suitable height. A continuous panel extends To achieve an unusually favorable ratio of upwardly from adiacent the inner margin of each passenger capacity to car weight and to provide gallery floor to a height shielding the lower porfor ease in collecting the fares and in handling tion of the gallery adjacent the center aisle from the incoming and outgoing passengers at stations the gaze of persons seated or standing on the with a minimum of confusion, the invention promain floor.

vides a railway car having all or several of the A single row of seats is arranged along one following characteristics: margin of each gallery floor, preferably along A main door extends between and over the the side wall margin. The seats face preferably majorportions oi the lengths of the trucks which in the direction of travel. A double seat may be support the car at its opposite ends, and is arprovided on each galleryor balcony section at ranged at .a normal height or somewhat lower the end there-of remote from the stairway giving than the normal height of the usual buffers at access to such section. Between these seats and the ends of the car. In the case where the main the other margin of said floor is provided a lonoor is lower than normal height, the ends gitudinal passageway of suitable width for the thereof, for a short distance inwardly, are raised transit of passengers to and from the seats on slightly just enough to clear the normal-height the gallery iioor and the stairways. The height buffer and draft gear usually provided to enable of this passageway for the smaller height cars the car to be coupled to normal-height cars. of 14 8" may necessitate slight stooping of tall Suitable doorways and doors, adjoined by transpersons, but for the greater height cars of 15' verse passageways or vestibules, are provided in '10 or over, full standing room height for the the car sides for reaching the main door from tallest persons is made possible.

'the ground or the station platforms. Seats, 45 A lower line and an upper line of windows are preferably in double rows, are arranged on the provided in each side wall of the car. The lower main door substantially from end wall to end line is arranged between the lower and upper wall in the spaces between the side walls and floor substantially throughout the length of the the center aisle, except for the locations of the main door except for the locations of the doors, doors, the transverse passageways or vestibules, transverse passageways or vestibules, and stairand the stairways referred to later on. waysyand the upper line of windows is arranged The roof of. the car is preferably raised above above the upper floors.

1101'ma1 height to a height 0f .rOm 14' 6" t0 15 With'the new arrangement and construction,

10", orthereabouts, above the rails or as much it is possible to seat 148 passengers in a railway as allowed by the clearance lines of the railway 55 car of standard length and to provide for their come more fully apparent from the--followirigA de tailed description when readfin connection with.

the drawing forming a part otthis speeifitation.v

In the drawing:

Figure l is a diagrammatic side elevation of a. railway car embodying a st form or theimzerb. tion;

Figure 2 is a sectional plan View of the same car, the section being taken substantially along;

line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figures 3 and 4 ,are "viewsosi-rnilan to Figures 1 and 2, respectively, embodyinsfaseoond--iorm ofthe-invention; l

Figures ,Sand-Tiara alsouiews tooFiguresl .and .2,y respectively, embodying.; alf-third formof the invention; .Figure- .fi-.being ai .pla-nar section on; linee-S of .Figure '5;'

Figures` '7 l and -are vdiagrammatie .transverse vertical `sections` on a .langen scale through opposite-halves of the-oar-per-Figiires l and 2, the.

planes of section being!indieenteral,l by lines vli-l and-B--i respectively, of Figure 2;'.

Figure y9 a .sectional Aview similar to Figine l-througha with `the .groot toa hei'tht W-ln'ch allows fnl-1.1standmg-rheiglitlfor.. yeryl-,tailli-z persons: onk the upper ,gallery .iloors-y tl-iis: View showing. .aemodiiied Agallery arrangement; andy .Figures .1: and il are views .similar to lilo'sures .1 l.and 2, showingfa -further..niodilncation- `combining fea-turesof the forms-shown@ Figures 1,- 2, and3,ll

Intl-ie form sliown-in-Fig-uresL 7,- ;and 8, the :invention xisshown lappliedtc a railway car :having the bufiers Wandern lend.:platterin or vestibule `floor :N .at mormaliheight to enable the.V`

car to `be :coupled Yto other -oars lof fon-oi dif- Aferent construction, asn-lay bedesi-red.- The vestibule walls l2 and side entrance doors1|3farear -ranged :as lusualat the .ends of. the car` and have theA usual .steps and` trap idc-orssso, theyf Acan be enteredat-gronnd ori-at platforznrjlevela 331e' usual ena l door openings-.JA for commuincation with.v ladacent ca-rs', are 'also l provided.. Usual trucks.. as v.indicated `dagrannnaticallyl .by the wheels .lsupportlthe carsnear itsends-.

According .to :this fformof the.. invention, the" main lfloor of thecaris extended'ioria fshortrlis- .tance inwardly at' platform ll'eyel,,.as .indicatedlat 15Figure l, .to .provideclearancetfor .the usual bufferand draft gear, hutinwardiy .of thoseraised 4end. portions, which `extend over but ende, short' .distance beyond the. adjacent truck, the' main door .is dropped down' one step' forY substantially the length of thelcar., vas'r indicated at .Ill The low main floor portion H' is establi'slfied at the lowest '.line whichwillpermit a center sill,l zas ,I'I' (Figures '7,' '8), to extend in astraightline. across the' trucks tothe car ends; It willbexunderstood, however, that' the; invention' lsze'qually applicable, with .but slightsa'crin'ceofhead roorn to a' car in' which the main ilc'or extends fromend to vend atthe same level, or to' @nein whichthe main floor is dropped down .only .on onposite sides of the'ai'sle.

A ruw of windows 1 8 is providedineacn side 4 Wall i9 of the car, extending through the length of this main lowered floor portion Il, the windows being spaced apart and of a width and at a height to permit passengers seated on the main floor to have a good View of the outside.

Along each. side wall Hoff-theses iszarranged a. row of double seats 218,' these seatsextending the length of the main floor portion Il' and extending inwardly from the respective side walls to the center aisle 2i running the length of the car.

The roof 4Einf, the car is preferably raised to thefullheight permitted by the clearance lines oi the:railroad.upon which the cars are used so as to obtain the desired head room. This height may varyirC-m about 14 8" to15 10 or thereabontsabotre' the rails.

Gallery floors 23, arranged above the lower or mainfldor seats 2i? at each side of the car, are secured along their outer edges to the adjacent side.. walls, l 9 `and `supported .along their. inner aislefflanking marginaes shown.n.;Eieure 8,-by anyisuitabie- Insane,` such, asstanehions .ifir ein tendiner from' the main 'licor portion Il' toptbe ro of..

These gallery,.,baleony.or upper doors 2.3..,are vertically spaoedfizom the. lower or. main .330,01* portion. lll adistance, say 5f, whichis ample to afford .comiortableiclearance ier the `headsof the-passengers .seated on the ,lower floor. This height also permits entering and learingtheseats without much .steoping-to. avoid the gallery floors. The gallery floors l 22B-Westend substantially the .length of the :nain-floor portionl! andeach ,carn

- ries va'stugle row or sea-be2 5; extend-ing along the adjacent side.v wall; ,A second row lof windows e216 is disposed in each :side -Walliritlrper relation :tothe seatsionxthe respective.gallery-.news 25.

"Wheretthe over-fall heiglrtloi the car is restricted'by therailroads :clearance dinos. a-s shown ,in Figurer-8, this. roi/vini: windows. is disposed Vin :ein inclined l position where. the. sidey wall I9' merges into the rounded roof 22,` affording rthegallery passengers a View upwardly as Well as laterally.

The. inner yside ofeach gallery iloor iscii'anked `byfvertically spacedfguard rails '27 extendlngfbetwee-n stanchions it'and the space between these rails is closed 'by panels 2'8 hiding the lower portionof tl'lehgallery passageway from thegaze of persons on the lower or'mainlicor.l TheA lower railZTis` close to the' gallery floorY but' spaced slightly ytherefrom ton permitease of cleaning of theiioor;

`The -space between fthe'row of seats `2 5 and the guard rails 2l provides `on each gallerya longi- Vtudinal'passageway 2) to allowthe passengersto reach Vtheir seats from eachl end of thevgallery. Thecenter aisle 2i extends vertically substantially the full height from main` door 111 toroof v22, except for an air` conditioning duct 3U exvtendingalong the roof `over the aisle. With this arrangement, the passengers on the gallery'and on the lower floor are accessible to the crew member passing. along the aisle for the collection of fares, and he need pass through the car, only once to collect all fares.

'For the restricted over-all height of thecars toabout 14 8; as inFigures 'land 8,'the'height of theY gallery passageways may be about '5* 6" and the tallery passengers would have to` stoop slightly in walking along the galleries 'because ofk thelirnited head room. Ilotwiuei.,4 wherethe clearance lines permit, the height ofjthe car Amay viding lample head clearance in the gallery passageways for even very tall persons. In this Figure 9, asomewhat more simplified arrangement of the upper row of windows 26 is made possible; the vertical side walls |9 extend above the gallery oors a sufficient distance to allow the windows to be placed in the vertical portions thereof.

Also, in this modied gallery arrangement of Figure 9, the continuous closing panel 28 at the inner margin of the gallery iioor 23 is rigidly secured to this margin of the iioor, which floor is of somewhat less width than the gallery floor in the forms shown in Figures 7 and 8. The panel 28' extends upwardly and is then offset inwardly to widen the top of the gallery passageway for accommodating the wide torso region of the bodies of the passengers` The height of the panel is such as to effectively screen from the gaze of persons on the lower or main floor the lower or leg region of the gallery passengers. By narrowing the width of the gallery floor, the lower floor seats are rendered more accessible. The parapet or railing, at least the part formed by closing panel 23', may also serve with the adjacent margin of the oor as a longitudinally extending beam supporting the gallery oor without the use of vertical stanchions or, at least, the number of such stanchions may be greatly reduced. The guard railing 21', in this form of the invention, may bel secured. to the upper offset margin of the panel 28'.

Access to the galleries (in the form shown in Figures 1, 2, 7, and 8) is had through stairways at each end of each gallery. Each such stairway may consist of a series of steps 3|l leading from the aisle 2| to an intermediate platform 32 adjacent the c ar side wall, and a second series of steps 33 leading from this platform longitudinally to the gallery iioor level. The space under certain of these steps may be utilized for toilet rooms or storage space, as desired. Windows, as 34, may be provided in line with the upper row of windows 36 in the region of the stairways.

By extending both the lower portion of the main floor and the gallery floors substantially from end to end of the car, except as limited by the necessary stairways and vestibules, a maximum seating capacity of 144 passengers may be attained, and the arrangement is such as to facilitate the loading and unloading of passengers and the collection of fares. Moreover, the passengers are seated in comfort, the

-open aisle giving a sense of roominess, and the numerous windows affording ample light and view to the outside.

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 3 and 4. only a short central portion of the main floor is shown raised, as indicated by lines 35, to the platform level to accommodate the usual buffer, and the seats 2|), 25 on the main and gallery floors Il, 23 are extended clear to the end of the car. In this modification, wide central double doors 36 are provided in both sides 9 of the car, these doors sliding to open position and communicating through a transverse passageway including a series of steps 37 and a movable step 38 with the central aisle 2|. Alongside the central doors are arranged stairways 39 similar to. the stairways 3|, 32, 33 of the iirst described form, leading to the respective gallery floors 23. In other respects, this fcrmis similar to the form ofy Figures land 2` 6 and similar reference numerals are used to designate corresponding parts.

While in Figures 1 and 2 there -is one continuous gallery on each side of the car, the gallery in Figures 3 and 4 is divided into four sections, each of which is accessible by one kof the stairways 39. The sections of the galleries as well as the rows of seats 20 on the main Iioor extend to the end walls of the car but are spaced from each other by the transverse passageways connecting the doors 36 with the center aisle 2| and by the stairways 39.

The form shown in Figures 5 and 6 is similar to the form of Figures 3 and 4,except that greater ease of loading and unloading is provided for at some sacrifice of passenger capacity. In this form, two spaced, wide, double entrance doors 36 are provided in each side of the car, these doors being spaced in the neighborhood of one-third of the length of the car. This divides the gallery iioor 23 into six sections and a stairway 39 is provided at one end of each section for access thereto from the main floor. These stairways are similar to the stairways in the form per Figures 1, 2, and '7 and are arranged two on opposite sides of one side door 36 and one at one side of the other side door 36 in each side of the car, see Figure 6.

For utilizing all available space, a transverselyfacing seat may be arranged at the end remote from the stairway of individual gallery sections. Such transverse seat would at other locations most likely obstruct the passageway 29. AA transverse seat may similarly be used with other forms of the invention having a gallery section accessible from one end closed by a wall or the like at the other end.

The form shown in Figures 10 and 11 is generally similar to the form shown in Figures 3 and 4 except that the stairways 39 to the galleries, instead of being arranged adjacent the center doors 36, are arranged adjacent the ends of the oar as in Figures 1 and 2, and except that vertical panels 49 extending inwardly from the car side walls to the aisle and vertically from the floor to the roof, are arranged on opposite sides of the center doorways and define the ends of the gallery sections. By placing double seats 4| on the galleries against these panels, the seating capacity of the car can be increased to 148. Similarly, the seating capacity of the other forms. other than the form shown in Figures l and 2, could be increased by rep'acing the single seat shown at the closed end of the galleries by a double yseat extending the width of the associated gallery. The arrangement shown in Figures 10 and 11 will sometimes be preferred to the arrangement shown in the other figures because `it should speed up the loading and unloading of the passengers and at the same time provide the maximumv of seating capacity.

It will be understood, of course, that in all the forms the main lower floor may be at the normal car oor level instead of having a small rise at the ends to accommodate a usual buier. In such event, there would be slightly less head room on the galleries if the clearance lines on kthe railroads did not permit of raising the roof to the required extent. This would not detract materially from the desirability of this arrangement for surburban or interurban service.

It will .be understood also that the galleries are accessible .to the conductor, standing on the main oor, .by reaching through the kopen spaces dinal aisle extending substantially from said main oor to the roof, gallery floors arranged along both sides of the car vertically between the upper and lower rows of windows and extending inwardly from the respective'side walls to the aisle, at least one row of seats arranged on each gallery floor along one margin thereof leaving a longitudinal passageway on each gallery oor between the associated seats and the other margin of said gallery oor, stairways leading from said lower main floor to said gallery ioors and being located adjacent the opposite ends of the car, the gallery oors extending substantially the full length of the car except for the space talgen up by said stairways and by entrance openings in the side walls. j`

7. In a railway passenger car, a car body havway on each gallery floor between the associated ing a main floor, a roof and side walls interconf necting the floor and roof, a longitudinal aisle on said main floor, a gallery floor accessible to passengers along at least one side of said aisle, and a closing panel rising from about the margin of said gallery floor adjoining said aisle to at least af height shielding the space for sorneQdistance above said gallery iioor from the gage of persons standing or seated on the main flo'orf-w 8. In a railway passenger car, a car bodyyhaving a mainoor, a roof and side walls interconnecting the oor and roof, said main oor extending substantially from end to end of they car; a gallery floor accessible to passengers extending along at least one side wall and partway across said body; seating accommodations on said gallery .door disposed along one margin thereof, Ya. passageway between said seating accommodations and the opposite margin of said galleryffiloor,v

and a 'gaze-shielding panel rising from theinner margin of said gallery floor to a height somelistance above the oor, said panel being olset inwardly in its upper regions to provide amplefwidth for the wide torso region and to effectively shield the lower leg region of the gallery-occupying passengers from the gaze of persons on themain iioor.

9. In a railway passenger car, a main floor, a roof and side walls interconnecting the floor and roof, said main floor extending substantially from end to end of the car, a longitudinal aisle extending upwardly from said main floor, rows of seats on said main floor at the opposite sides of said aisle; a gallery floor extending along each side offrthe car inwardly from the adjacentv side wall toward said aisle accessible from saidmain floor, atleast one row of seats on each-'fgallery floor disposed along one margin thereof, "apassageway between said seats and the oppositemargin ofthe gallery floor, and a parapet along the innermargin of said gallery iloor providedwith openings so as to permit ticket control andsale, for persons on said gallery floor, by a conductor passing along the aisle. y

10. In a railway passenger car, a main lower floor, a roof and side walls, an upper floor extending substantially from end to end of the car and from one side wall partway across the width of the car, a stairway leading from said lower floor to the upper iloor, and seating accommodations for passengers arranged along the side walls of the car on both said floors, and a longitudinal passageway on said upper floor between the inner margin thereof and the seating accommodations thereon.

ranged along at least Yone side of 'thecarand' partway across the width thereof, a parapet along the inner margin of said gallery floor, said gallery floor being supported at its outer margin by the respective side wall and at its ends by vertical structures such as the end walls, said parapet along the inner margin of said gallery floor being formedat least in part Vasa longitudinal loadsupporting beam.

13. In a railway passenger car, a carbody having Va main Hoor, a roof and side walls interconnecting'the oor and roof, said main oor extending substantially from end to end of the car, a gallery oor extending along at least one side Wall of said body and partway across its width and being accessible from said main Hoor, and a closing panel rising'from the inner margin of said gallery floor to a height shielding the space for some distance above said gallery floor from the gaze of persons on the main floor, said panel being formed as a longitudinal beam for supporting the inner margin of said gallery floor.

14. In a railway passenger car, a car body having a main lower floor, a roof and side walls interconnecting the oor and roof, said main floor extending substantially from end to end of the car, a longitudinal center aisle on said lower iloor, plural rows of seats on said main floor'at the opposite sides of said aisley-upper gallery floors extending along each side of the car'inwardly from the adjacent sidewall andterminating at 'said aisle; rows of seats? on said galleryiloors disposed along one margin of the respective gallery oor, and a passageway between-said seats and the opposite margin of the respective gallery oor; a parapet along .the inner margin of each gallery oor; and individual stairways leading from said lower oor to the respective gallery floors and arranged on opposite sides of said aisle.

JOSEPH F. CLARY.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,197,074 Stelens Sept. 5, 1916 1,724,149 Self Aug. 13, 1929 2,241,377 Clemens May 13, 1941 2,405,136 Dittrick r Aug.,6, 1946 

